4th – Science and technology

The Grade 4 science curriculum in Ontario covers three major areas: life science, physical science, and Earth science. In life science, students explore plant and animal systems, studying photosynthesis, food chains, and species adaptations. In physical science, they study the concepts of energy, heat, light, and sound, as well as the principles of matter, focusing on changes of state and the properties of materials. In Earth science, students learn to understand geological phenomena, such as volcanoes and earthquakes, as well as natural cycles, such as the water cycle. The curriculum encourages students to ask questions, conduct experiments, and develop observation and scientific analysis skills.